Direct catalytic asymmetric aldol reactions of pyruvates: scope and mechanism

被引:72
作者
Gathergood, N
Juhl, K
Poulsen, TB
Thordrup, K
Jorgensen, KA
机构
[1] Aarhus Univ, Dept Chem, Danish Natl Res Fdn Ctr Catalysis, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
[2] Monash Univ, Victorian Coll Pharm, Dept Med Chem, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia
关键词
D O I
10.1039/b316092k
中图分类号
O62 [有机化学];
学科分类号
070303 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The direct aldol reaction of 2-ketoesters catalyzed by chiral bisoxazoline copper(II) complexes has been investigated. First the direct homo-aldol reaction of ethyl pyruvate is reported which proceeds to give diethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4- oxoglutarate. This was isolated as the more stable optically active isotetronic acid in good yield and enantiomeric excess in the absence of bases such as amines. Detailed investigations of the use of different chiral Lewis acids as the catalyst, amines, ratios of chiral bisoxazoline copper(II) salts : amine, and solvents gave up to 96% ee of the isotetronic acid. Then the reaction was extended to a cross-aldol reaction of various 2-ketoesters with activated carbonyl compounds to give the cross-aldol adduct with excellent enantiomeric excess. Furthermore, the synthesis of the isotetronic acids was investigated from these cross-aldol adducts giving important information about the formation of the stereogenic centers during the aldol reaction. Based on the absolute configuration of the homo-aldol adduct the mechanism for the aldol reaction is discussed.
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页码:1077 / 1085
页数:9
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