COSMOS: the COsmic-ray Soil Moisture Observing System

被引：386

作者：

Zreda, M. ^{[1
]}

Shuttleworth, W. J. ^{[1
]}

Zeng, X. ^{[2
]}

Zweck, C. ^{[1
]}

Desilets, D. ^{[3
]}

Franz, T. E. ^{[1
]}

Rosolem, R. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[2] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[3] Hydroinnova LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA

来源：

HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES | 2012年 / 16卷 / 11期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

NEUTRON MEASUREMENTS; SNOW;

D O I：

10.5194/hess-16-4079-2012

中图分类号：

P [天文学、地球科学];

学科分类号：

07 ;

摘要：

The newly-developed cosmic-ray method for measuring area-average soil moisture at the hectometer horizontal scale is being implemented in the COsmic-ray Soil Moisture Observing System (or the COSMOS). The stationary cosmic-ray soil moisture probe measures the neutrons that are generated by cosmic rays within air and soil and other materials, moderated by mainly hydrogen atoms located primarily in soil water, and emitted to the atmosphere where they mix instantaneously at a scale of hundreds of meters and whose density is inversely correlated with soil moisture. The COSMOS has already deployed more than 50 of the eventual 500 cosmic-ray probes, distributed mainly in the USA, each generating a time series of average soil moisture over its horizontal footprint, with similar networks coming into existence around the world. This paper is written to serve a community need to better understand this novel method and the COSMOS project. We describe the cosmic-ray soil moisture measurement method, the instrument and its calibration, the design, data processing and dissemination used in the COSMOS project, and give example time series of soil moisture obtained from COSMOS probes.

引用

页码：4079 / 4099

页数：21

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