Accidental hypothermia

Hypothermia, defined as a core body temperature of less than or equal to 35 degrees C (less than or equal to 95 degrees F), poses a major public health problem. The severity of hypothermia is indicated by the degree to which the core body temperature is lowered and accordingly is classified as mild, moderate, or severe. Several medical conditions and the use of certain medications may increase the risk of hypothermia. Risk of death from hypothermia is related to age, pre-existing illnesses, nutritional status, and alcohol or drug intoxication. In cases of severe hypothermia, prompt intervention with rapid rewarming is crucial and may be lifesaving. This article discusses the pathophysiology, risk factors, and clinical manifestations of hypothermia. Various rewarming techniques and different management options for patients with hypothermia are also discussed.