Planar distributed structures with negative refractive index

被引：230

作者：

Sanada, A ^{[1
]}

Caloz, C

Itoh, T

机构：

[1] Yamaguchi Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Yamaguchi 7558611, Japan

[2] Adv Telecommun Res Inst Int, Adapt Commun Res Labs, Kyoto 6190288, Japan

[3] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

来源：

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES | 2004年 / 52卷 / 04期

关键词：

left-handed (LH) materials; metamaterials; negative refractive indexes (NRIs);

D O I：

10.1109/TMTT.2004.825703

中图分类号：

TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];

学科分类号：

0808 ; 0809 ;

摘要：

Planar distributed periodic structures of microstrip-line and stripline types, which support left-handed (LH) waves are presented and their negative refractive index (NRI) properties are shown theoretically, numerically, and experimentally. The supported LH wave is fully characterized based on the composite right/left-handed transmission-line theory and the dispersion characteristics, refractive indexes, and Bloch impedance are derived theoretically. In addition, formulas to extract equivalent-circuit parameters from full-wave simulation are given. Open (microstrip) and closed (stripline) structures with a 5 x 5 mm(2) unit cell operating at approximately 4 GHz are designed and characterized by full-wave finite-element-method simulations. A 20 x 6 unit-cell NRI lens structure interfaced with two parallel-plate waveguides is designed. The focusing/refocusing effect of the lens is observed by both circuit theory and full-wave simulations. Focusing in the NRI lens is also observed experimentally in excellent agreement with circuit theory and numerical predictions. This result represents the first experimental demonstration of NRI property using a purely distributed planar structure.

引用

页码：1252 / 1263

页数：12

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