Inhibition by lifarizine of intracellular Ca (2+) rises and glutamate exocytosis in depolarized rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes and cultured neurones

1 The effects of lifarizine (RS-87476) on intracellular Ca2+ rises and the release of glutamate from rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes depolarized with 30 mM KCl were investigated by use of entrapped fura 2 and exogenous glutamate dehydrogenase. 2 Prior (1 min) addition of lifarizine decreased 30 mM KCl-induced total glutamate release, with 3 mu M and 10 mu M causing 39% and 72% averaged decreases from controls. The calcium-dependent component of glutamate release (approx. 40% of total) was similarly decreased by 47% and 74%, whereas the calcium-independent component was decreased by only 32% and 43% respectively. 3 In parallel experiments with fura-2-loaded synaptosomes, lifarizine reduced the depolarization-induced increases in intracellular [Ca2+], suggesting that this is the means by which the decreases in induced increases in intracellular [Caglutamate release are brought about. Lifarizine inhibit-id both the plateau and the spike phases of the Ca2+ increases suggesting that, in addition to its known sodium channel blocking properties, it may also inhibit more than one class of calcium channel in the synaptosomes. 4 Lifarizine at 1 mu M and 3 mu M also inhibited the rises in intracellular [Ca2+] in rat cultured cortical neurones depolarized with 60 mM KCl. 5 These effects of lifarizine on intracellular Ca2+ and glutamate exocytosis may contribute to its neuroprotective action.