Micro-level analysis of airport delay externalities using deterministic queuing models: a case study

We analyze runway delay externalities at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) using a deterministic queuing model. The model allows us to estimate the delay impact of each specific arriving flight on each other specific arriving flight. We find that, despite being only moderately congested (average queuing delay only 4 min per arriving flight), individual flights can generate as much as 3 aircraft-hours of external delay impact on other flights, with an average impact of 26 aircraft-minutes and 3400 seat-minutes. About 90 percent of this impact is external to the airline as well as the flight, a consequence of the lack of a dominant airline at LAX. We then compare the delay impact of each individual flight to its contribution to schedule convenience by determining the amount of "schedule delay" that would result if the flight were eliminated and its passengers forced to use the previous flight flown by the same airline from the same origin. We find that a number of commuter flights serving high density, short-haul segments generate much more queuing delay than they save in schedule delay, with the ratio exceeding 10 in several cases. We argue that social welfare would increase if such flights were eliminated, upsizing others as necessary to accommodate the displaced loads. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.