Estradiol Represses the GD3 Synthase Gene ST8SIA1 Expression in Human Breast Cancer Cells by Preventing NFκB Binding to ST8SIA1 Promoter

Recent data have underlined a possible role of G(D3) synthase (GD3S) and complex gangliosides in Estrogen Receptor (ER) negative breast cancer progression. Here, we describe the main transcript of the GD3S coding gene ST8SIA1 expressed in breast tumors. We characterized the corresponding core promoter in Hs578T breast cancer cells and showed that estradiol decreases ST8SIA1 mRNA expression in ER-positive MCF-7 cells and ER alpha-transfected ER-negative Hs578T cells. The activity of the core promoter sequence of ST8SIA1 is also repressed by estradiol. The core promoter of ST8SIA1 contains two putative Estrogen Response Elements (ERE) that were not found to be involved in the promoter activity pathway. However, NF kappa B was shown to be involved in ST8SIA1 transcriptional activation and we demonstrated that estradiol prevents NF kappa B to bind to ST8SIA1 core promoter in ER alpha expressing breast cancer cells by inhibiting p65 and p50 nucleus localization. The activation of NF kappa B pathway in ER-negative tumors, due to the absence of estradiol signaling, might explain the overexpression of G(D3) synthase in this tumor subtype.