Breaking down the barriers: the gut microbiome, intestinal permeability and stress-related psychiatric disorders

被引:783
作者
Kelly, John R. [1 ,2 ]
Kennedy, Paul J. [1 ]
Cryan, Johnf F. [1 ,3 ]
Dinan, Timothy G. [1 ,2 ]
Clarke, Gerard [1 ,2 ]
Hyland, Niall P. [1 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, APC Microbiome Inst, Lab Neurogastroenterol, Cork, Ireland
[2] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Psychiat & Neurobehav Sci, Cork, Ireland
[3] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Anat & Neurosci, Cork, Ireland
[4] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Cork, Ireland
基金
爱尔兰科学基金会;
关键词
gut microbiota; intestinal barrier; gut-brain axis; depression; probiotics; psychobiotics; IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; HIGH-FAT DIET; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; LACTOBACILLUS-RHAMNOSUS GG; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; LIGHT-CHAIN KINASE; EPITHELIAL BARRIER; TIGHT JUNCTION; BACTERIAL TRANSLOCATION;
D O I
10.3389/fncel.2015.00392
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 [神经生物学];
摘要
The emerging links between our gut microbiome and the central nervous system (CNS) are regarded as a paradigm shift in neuroscience with possible implications for not only understanding the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric disorders, but also their treatment. Thus the gut microbiome and its influence on host barrier function is positioned to be a critical node within the brain-gut axis. Mounting preclinical evidence broadly suggests that the gut microbiota can modulate brain development, function and behavior by immune, endocrine and neural pathways of the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Detailed mechanistic insights explaining these specific interactions are currently underdeveloped. However, the concept that a “leaky gut” may facilitate communication between the microbiota and these key signaling pathways has gained traction. Deficits in intestinal permeability may underpin the chronic low-grade inflammation observed in disorders such as depression and the gut microbiome plays a critical role in regulating intestinal permeability. In this review we will discuss the possible role played by the gut microbiota in maintaining intestinal barrier function and the CNS consequences when it becomes disrupted. We will draw on both clinical and preclinical evidence to support this concept as well as the key features of the gut microbiota which are necessary for normal intestinal barrier function. © 2015 Kelly, Kennedy, Cryan, Dinan, Clarke and Hyland.
引用
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页数:20
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