Experimental demonstration of coherent state estimation with minimal disturbance

We investigate the optimal trade-off between information gained about an unknown coherent state and the state disturbance caused by the measurement process. We propose several optical schemes that can enable this task, and we implement one of them, a scheme that relies on only linear optics and homodyne detection. Experimentally we reach near optimal performance, limited only by detection inefficiencies. In addition, we show that such a scheme can be used to enhance the transmission fidelity of a class of noisy channels.