How nutrition and exercise maintain the human musculoskeletal mass

被引:31
作者
Wackerhage, H [1 ]
Rennie, MJ
机构
[1] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Med Sci, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland
[2] Univ Nottingham, Sch Biomed Sci, Grad Entry Med Sch, Derby City Gen Hosp, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
bone; collagen; protein synthesis; sarcopenia; signal transduction; skeletal muscle;
D O I
10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00544.x
中图分类号
R602 [外科病理学、解剖学]; R32 [人体形态学];
学科分类号
100101 ;
摘要
In this article we review some of our recent work concerning the effects of nutrition and exercise on protein synthesis and signal transduction in human musculoskeletal tissues. A great deal of new information is being generated by the application of recently refined techniques for measuring protein turnover. The field remains one that is largely descriptive but increasingly we are beginning to discern mechanisms underlying lean tissue maintenance, growth and wasting especially as multidisciplinary tools are applied to its study. Several types of exercise and nutrition are potent stimuli for protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. By contrast, collagen in the extracellular matrix in muscle and tendon appears to be mechanically but not nutritionally sensitive. The rates of collagen turnover in a variety of tissues are sufficiently high to account for a sizeable proportion of whole body protein turnover. One of the most recent surprises is the high turnover rate of human bone collagen and its anabolic response to feeding. As our understanding of the normal physiology of these processes advances, we become better able to construct testable hypotheses concerning the effects of ageing and disease on the musculoskeletal mass. Current evidence suggests that one of the major problems with loss of muscle during ageing is an inability of the tissue to respond adequately to increased availability of nutrients.
引用
收藏
页码:451 / 458
页数:8
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