The challenge of innovation implementation

Implementation is the process of gaining targeted organizational members' appropriate and committed use of an innovation. Our model suggests that implementation effectiveness-the consistency and quality of targeted organizational members' use of an innovation-is a function of (a) the strength of an organization's climate for the implementation of that innovation and (b) the fit of that innovation to targeted users' values. The model specifies a range of implementation outcomes (including resistance, avoidance, compliance, and commitment): highlights the equifinality of an organization's climate for implementation: describes within- and between-organizational differences in innovation-values fit: and suggests new topics and strategies for implementation research.