Microbial diversity in the marine sponge Aplysina cavernicola (formerly Verongia cavernicola) analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

被引:122
作者
Friedrich, AB
Merkert, H
Fendert, T
Hacker, J
Proksch, P
Hentschel, U
机构
[1] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Mol Infekt Biol, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany
[2] Univ Wurzburg, Julius von Sachs Inst Biowissensch, D-97082 Wurzburg, Germany
关键词
D O I
10.1007/s002270050562
中图分类号
Q17 [水生生物学];
学科分类号
071004 ;
摘要
We have employed electronmicroscopical methods (SEM, TEM) to document the microbial community associated with the marine sponge Aplysina cavernicola (formerly Verongia cavernicola, class Demospongiae). Five dominant bacterial types were identified, three of which resemble the morphotypes originally described by Vacelet (1975). One bacterial type possesses morphological properties that are characteristic of the genus Planctomyces. In addition, morphologically uniform bacteria which reside inside the nuclei of host cells were observed. Using in situ hybridization with fluorescently labelled rRNA probes directed against known bacterial groups, the phylogenetic affiliation of the mesohyl bacteria was assessed. It could be shown that the vast majority of mesohyl bacteria belongs to the domain Bacteria with a low GC content. Among the Bacteria, the delta-Proteobacteria were most abundant, followed by the gamma-Proteobacteria and representatives of the Bacteroides cluster. Clusters of Gram-positive bacteria with a high GC content were also found consistently in low amounts. No hybridization signal was obtained with probes specific to the domain Archaea, to the alpha- and beta-Proteobacteria and to the Cytophaga/Flavobacterium cluster. This study describes for the first time the application of the "top-to-bottom approach" using 16S rRNA probes and in situ hybridization to assess the microbial diversity in Aplysina sponges.
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页码:461 / 470
页数:10
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