Infra-humanization: The Wall of Group Differences

被引:246
作者
Leyens, Jacques-Philippe [1 ]
Demoulin, Stephanie [1 ]
Vaes, Jeroen [2 ]
Gaunt, Ruth [3 ]
Paladino, Maria Paola [4 ]
机构
[1] Catholic Univ Louvain, Louvain, Belgium
[2] Univ Padua, I-35100 Padua, Italy
[3] Bar Ilan Univ, IL-52100 Ramat Gan, Israel
[4] Univ Trento, Trento, Italy
关键词
D O I
10.1111/j.1751-2409.2007.00006.x
中图分类号
D58 [社会生活与社会问题]; C913 [社会生活与社会问题];
学科分类号
摘要
Infra-humanizing outgroups involves considering outgroups less human and more animal-like than the ingroup, which is perceived, in essence, as fully human. In this article, the first section presents the theoretical background of infra-humanization and distinguishes it from related concepts, such as dehumanization. The three basic hypotheses of the theory are then presented with a summary of empirical evidence. Social implications follow. Reasons for the pervasiveness of the phenomenon are examined as well as conditions that lead a specific outgroup to be infra-humanized. We also explore the consequences of infra-humanization, such as a lack of forgiveness for the outgroup and the ingroup's justification for past misdeeds against the outgroup, rather than guilt. Policy issues center on ways to combat essentialism, walls of difference between groups, and irrational symbols of superiority. The roles of egalitarian values and of deprovincialized intergroup contact are emphasized.
引用
收藏
页码:139 / 172
页数:34
相关论文
共 116 条
  • [1] Allport G.W., 1979, The nature of prejudice', V25th
  • [2] [Anonymous], MONDE LE 0823
  • [3] [Anonymous], VIEWING DIFFER UNPUB
  • [4] [Anonymous], 2006, Folkways
  • [5] [Anonymous], J PERSONALI IN PRESS
  • [6] [Anonymous], J PHILOS
  • [7] [Anonymous], COOPERATION CO UNPUB
  • [8] [Anonymous], INTERGROUP IN PRESS
  • [9] [Anonymous], HDB FORGIVENESS
  • [10] [Anonymous], SOCIAL PSYC IN PRESS