Distribution of selected PCB congeners in the Babcock street sewer district: A multimedia approach to identify PCB sources in combined sewer overflows (CSOs) discharging to the Buffalo river, New York

To evaluate sources of PCBs in combined sewer overflows (CSOs) to the Buffalo River, New York, combined sewage, sanitary flow, atmospheric wet and dry depositions, and street dust samples were collected from the Babcock Street sewer district and analyzed. Total PCB concentrations (sum of the PCB congeners quantitated) in particulate and dissolved phases of sanitary flow were 101-269 ng g(-1) dry weight and < 0.2 ng L-1, respectively. PCBs in the atmospheric dry and wet deposition samples were close to the method detection limit (a few pg/cm(2) day(-1) and < 0.2 ng L-1 respectively). Average concentrations of total PCBs were noticeable in both dissolved (64 ng/l(-1)) and particulate (907 ng g(-1) dry weight) phases in CSOs. Total PCBs in aggregates of street dust samples were between 53 and 1,700 ng g(-1) dry weight, with the highest concentrations at sites nearest an industrial area that was previously remediated for PCB contamination. PCB congeners 153, 138, 101, 118, and 180 contributed > 50% of the total PCB load in street dust samples. PCB congener composition in the particulate phase of CSOs reflects the congener pattern of the street dusts. In this context, it can be suggested that the local contaminated street dusts are one of the potential sources of PCBs in CSOs, which is a source of PCBs to the Buffalo River.