An international measure of awareness and beliefs about cancer: development and testing of the ABC

被引：88

作者：

Simon, Alice E. ^{[1
]}

Forbes, Lindsay J. L. ^{[2
]}

Boniface, David ^{[1
]}

Warburton, Fiona ^{[2
]}

Brain, Kate E. ^{[3
]}

Dessaix, Anita ^{[4
]}

Donnelly, Michael ^{[5
]}

Haynes, Kerry ^{[6
]}

Hvidberg, Line ^{[7
]}

Lagerlund, Magdalena ^{[8
]}

Petermann, Lisa ^{[9
]}

Tishelman, Carol ^{[8
]}

Vedsted, Peter ^{[7
]}

Vigmostad, Maria Nyre ^{[10
]}

Wardle, Jane ^{[1
]}

Ramirez, Amanda J. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Canc Res UK Hlth Behav Res Ctr, London, England

[2] Kings Coll London, Kings Coll London Promoting Early Presentat Grp, London WC2R 2LS, England

[3] Cardiff Univ, Sch Med, Cochrane Inst Primary Care & Publ Hlth, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales

[4] Canc Inst New S Wales, Dept Canc Prevent, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[5] Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Publ Hlth, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland

[6] Canc Council Victoria, Ctr Behav Res Canc, Carlton, Vic, Australia

[7] Aarhus Univ, Danish Res Ctr Canc Diag Primary Care, Aarhus, Denmark

[8] Karolinska Inst, Dept Learning Informat Management & Eth, Stockholm, Sweden

[9] Canadian Partnership Canc, Toronto, ON, Canada

[10] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Canc Res & Mol Med, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway

来源：

BMJ OPEN | 2012年 / 2卷 / 06期

关键词：

BREAST-CANCER; DELAYED PRESENTATION; PUBLIC AWARENESS; CONTENT VALIDITY; DIAGNOSIS; INSTRUMENT; SEEKING;

D O I：

10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001758

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

Objectives: To develop an internationally validated measure of cancer awareness and beliefs; the awareness and beliefs about cancer (ABC) measure. Design and setting: Items modified from existing measures were assessed by a working group in six countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and the UK). Validation studies were completed in the UK, and cross-sectional surveys of the general population were carried out in the six participating countries. Participants: Testing in UK English included cognitive interviewing for face validity (N=10), calculation of content validity indexes (six assessors), and assessment of test-retest reliability (N=97). Conceptual and cultural equivalence of modified (Canadian and Australian) and translated (Danish, Norwegian, Swedish and Canadian French) ABC versions were tested quantitatively for equivalence of meaning (>= 4 assessors per country) and in bilingual cognitive interviews (three interviews per translation). Response patterns were assessed in surveys of adults aged 50+ years (N >= 2000) in each country. Main outcomes: Psychometric properties were evaluated through tests of validity and reliability, conceptual and cultural equivalence and systematic item analysis. Test-retest reliability used weighted-kappa and intraclass correlations. Construction and validation of aggregate scores was by factor analysis for (1) beliefs about cancer outcomes, (2) beliefs about barriers to symptomatic presentation, and item summation for (3) awareness of cancer symptoms and (4) awareness of cancer risk factors. Results: The English ABC had acceptable test-retest reliability and content validity. International assessments of equivalence identified a small number of items where wording needed adjustment. Survey response patterns showed that items performed well in terms of difficulty and discrimination across countries except for awareness of cancer outcomes in Australia. Aggregate scores had consistent factor structures across countries. Conclusions: The ABC is a reliable and valid international measure of cancer awareness and beliefs. The methods used to validate and harmonise the ABC

引用

页数：8

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