Occurrence and phenology of parasitic Chalcidoidea on the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic (Lep., Gracillariidae)

The parasitoid spectrum of the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella, was examined for its adaptation to a newly introduced host. A total of 15 parasitic species belonging to the suprafamilies Ichneumonoidea and Chalcidoidea was reared, all of them are polyphagous and common on other leafminers in Europe. The abundance of the moth and its natural enemies were studied during one entire vegetation period. The phenology of some of its major parasitic species was investigated and compared with the occurrence of the leafminer with special regard to its possible use in biological pest control.