Factors predicting fatigue in breast cancer patients

A prospective study was designed to investigate the factors predicting fatigue in breast cancer patients using the Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS) in addition to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a questionnaire containing items on demographic and clinical data, and measures of patients' physical symptoms. The CFS measures total fatigue score ranging from 0 (lowest level) to 60 (highest level) and contains three subscales namely: physical, affective and cognitive fatigue. The questionnaires were administered to a consecutive sample of breast cancer patients attending the Iranian Center for Breast Cancer either for their treatment or follow-up examination. In all, 112 patients were studied. The mean age of the respondents was 45.7 years (SD11.0). Most had stage II breast cancer (67%) and had completed their initial treatment (45%). The mean total fatigue score of the patients was 18.7 (SD 13.5) and overall 49% reported experiencing fatigue to some degree (from quite a bit to very much). Severe anxiety and depression was reported by 16% and 32%, respectively. The regression analysis revealed that fatigue was predicted by depression (P=0.003), pain (P=0.005), current tamoxifen use (P=0.001), undergoing mastectomy (P=0.03) and anxiety (P=0.04). The other variables studied did not emerge as significant predictors of fatigue in the regression analysis. The study findings suggest that in comparison to treatment factors, physical and psychological symptoms have a more important role in cancer-related fatigue and that fatigue should be recognized and managed even before commencing breast cancer treatment.