Study of the lithium insertion and de-insertion in perovskite praseodymium bismuth lithium titanate

The stoichiometry and lithium-insertion reactions with nBuLi in solid solutions Pr0.5+x-yLi0.5-3xBiyTiO3 have been studied. The results indicate that bismuth affects these processes. Two joins with bismuth and lithium constant, respectively, are studied in the phase diagram. The amount of lithium inserted depends on the number of vacancies and the amount of bismuth in the original sample. The amount of lithium de-inserted depends only on the amount of bismuth. The cell volume increases when the amount of the lithium inserted increases, but anomalous dependence is observed in de-insertion. The presence of bismuth decreases the amount of lithium inserted in the sample, but favors the reversibility of the insertion. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.