Doxofylline: A new generation xanthine bronchodilator devoid of major cardiovascular adverse effects

Doxofylline (7-(1,3-dioxalam-2-ylmethyl) theophylline) is a novel xanthine bronchodilator which differs from theophylline in that if contains a dioxalane group in position 7. Similarly to theophylline, ifs mechanism of action is related to the inhibition of phosphodiesterase activities, but in contrast it appears to have decreased affinities towards adenosine A(1) and A(2) receptors, which may account for its better safety profile. The bronchodilating activities of doxofylline have been demonstrated in clinical trials involving patients with either bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In contrast to other bronchadilators, experimental and clinical studies have shown that the drug is devoid of direct stimulatory effects. This may be of importance because the arrhythmogenic actions of bronchodilators may have a negative impact on the survival of patients with respiratory diseases.