Monitoring catchment scale agricultural pollution in Norway: policy instruments, implementation of mitigation methods and trends in nutrient and sediment losses

被引：92

作者：

Bechmann, M. ^{[1
]}

Deelstra, J. ^{[1
]}

Stalnacke, P. ^{[1
]}

Eggestad, H. O. ^{[1
]}

Oygarden, L. ^{[1
]}

Pengerud, A. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Bioforsk Soil & Environm, N-1432 As, Norway

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY | 2008年 / 11卷 / 02期

关键词：

erosion; phosphorus; nitrogen; water quality; mitigation methods;

D O I：

10.1016/j.envsci.2007.10.005

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 [工学]; 0830 [环境科学与工程];

摘要：

Agricultural management and losses of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and suspended sediments (SS) from eight small (85-2830 ha) catchments in Norway were analysed. The catchments represent areas with different agricultural production systems, soils and climate. Results from the long-term (9-16 years) in-stream monitoring show (i) large differences in levels of losses between the catchments, (ii) large interannual variability and (iii) few time-trends in losses. These results are discussed in relation to changes in agricultural policies and the implementation of soil management practices, such as reduced autumn-ploughing, catch crops, constructed wetlands and changes in nutrient application. Overall, these data demonstrate changes in farmer behaviour driven by economic incentives in combination with active extension services stimulating environmental friendly management practices. However, despite the increased implementation of mitigation methods by farmers, improvements in water quality at the catchment scale can be attenuated. More long-term monitoring programmes are clearly required. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：102 / 114

页数：13

共 38 条

[1]

Effect of policy-induced measures on suspended sediments and total phosphorus concentrations from three Norwegian agricultural catchments [J].