Relay ramp evolution and mass flow deposition (Upper Kimmeridgian-Lower Volgian) in the Tail End Graben, Danish North Sea

The Central Graben in the Danish North Sea sector consists of a series of N-S to NW-SE trending, eastward-tilted half-grabens, bound to the east by the Coffee Soil Fault zone. This fault zone has a complex Jurassic history that encompasses at least two fault populations; N-S to NNW-SSE striking faults active in the Late Aalenian-Early Oxfordian, and NNW-SSE to WNW-ESE striking faults forming in Late Kimmeridgian time (sensu gallico), following a short period of tectonic quiescence. Sediment transport across the Coffee Soil Fault zone was controlled by fault array evolution, and in particular the development of relay ramps that formed potential entry points for antecedent drainage systems from the Ringkobing-Fyn High east of the rift. Fault and isochore trends of the Upper Kimmeridgian-Lower Volgian succession in the northeast Danish Central Graben show that accommodation space was initially generated close to several minor, isolated or overlapping faults. Subsidence became focused along a few master faults in the Early Volgian through progressive linkage of selected faults. Seismic time isochore geometries, seismic facies, amplitude trends and well ties indicate the presence of coarse clastic lithologies locally along the fault zone. The deposits probably represent submarine mass flow deposits supplied from footwall degradation and possibly also from the graben hinterland via a relay ramp. The latter source appears to have been cut off as the relay ramp was breached and the footwall block are uplifted. Fault growth and linkage processes thus controlled the spatial and temporal trends of accommodation space generation and sediment supply to the rift basin.