Food reinforcement and eating: A multilevel analysis

被引:266
作者
Epstein, Leonard H.
Leddy, John J.
Temple, Jennifer L.
Faith, Myles S.
机构
[1] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Pediat, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA
[2] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Orthoped, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA
[3] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
关键词
food reinforcement; food intake; choice; dopamine; behavioral genetics;
D O I
10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.884
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Eating represents a choice among many alternative behaviors. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of how food reinforcement and behavioral choice theory are related to eating and to show how this theoretical approach may help organize research on eating from molecular genetics through treatment and prevention of obesity. Special emphasis is placed on how food reinforcement and behavioral choice theory are relevant to understanding excess energy intake and obesity and how they provide a framework for examining factors that may influence eating and are outside of those that may regulate energy homeostasis. Methods to measure food reinforcement are reviewed, along with factors that influence the reinforcing value of eating. Contributions of neuroscience and genetics to the study of food reinforcement are illustrated by using the example of dopamine. Implications of food reinforcement for obesity and positive energy balance are explored, with suggestions for novel approaches to obesity treatment based on the synthesis of behavioral and pharmacological approaches to food reinforcement.
引用
收藏
页码:884 / 906
页数:23
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