[1] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Pittsburgh, PA USA
[2] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Otolaryngol, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
[3] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
[4] Temple Univ Hosp & Med Sch, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA