Altered tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit cuticle biomechanics of a pleiotropic non ripening mutant

被引:38
作者
Bargel, H [1 ]
Neinhuis, C [1 ]
机构
[1] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Bot, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
关键词
tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill.); fruit ripening; nonripening mutant (nor); cuticle; biomechanics; cutin; flavonoids; plasticizer;
D O I
10.1007/s00344-004-0036-0
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit ripening involves multiple metabolic changes resulting in softening and pigmentation. We investigated the mechanics and morphology of the enzymatically isolated cuticular membrane (CM) of cv. Ailsa Craig wild-type (wt) and nonripening mutant (nor) at three developmental stages. Cuticle thickness and degree of cutinization increased significantly from immature to fully ripe fruits for both wt and nor without differences between them. Mechanical characterization was carried out on dry and fully hydrated samples in uni-axial tension to determine their modulus of elasticity, stress, and strain at failure. Corresponding stress-strain diagrams were biphasic and showed yield for virtually all dry CM samples, while that of hydrated CM displayed considerable differences between wt and nor fruits. Concerning the mechanical properties, the CM of wt fruits was characterized by increasing stiffness and strength during fruit growth and maturation in both dry and hydrated states, whereas the CM of nor fruits was significantly less stiff and weaker at full maturity. Hydration generally caused lower moduli of elasticity and strength, while breaking strain was significantly affected only for the CM of ripe nor fruits. This plasticizing effect of water increased towards full maturity for both wt and nor, and may be related to fiber content in the CM matrix and hydration state of the cuticle. Comparative analysis of two additional wild-type tomato cultivars supported the ripening-related stiffening of the CM of Ailsa Craig wt and the altered mechanical properties of the nor mutant, as well as the plasticizing effect of water.
引用
收藏
页码:61 / 75
页数:15
相关论文
共 69 条
[1]   Partial purification of tomato fruit peroxidase and its effect on the mechanical properties of tomato fruit skin [J].
Andrews, J ;
Adams, SR ;
Burton, KS ;
Edmondson, RN .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY, 2002, 53 (379) :2393-2399
[2]   Formation of flavonoids, especially anthocyanin and chlorogenic acid in 'Jonagold' apple skin: influences of growth regulators and fruit maturity [J].
Awad, MA ;
de Jager, A .
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE, 2002, 93 (3-4) :257-266
[3]  
Baker E.A., 1982, The Plant Cuticle, P33
[4]   Two-dimensional tension tests in plant biomechanics sweet cherry fruit skin as a model system [J].
Bargel, H ;
Spatz, HC ;
Speck, T ;
Neinhuis, C .
PLANT BIOLOGY, 2004, 6 (04) :432-439
[5]  
BARGEL H, IN PRESS J EXP BOT
[6]   The regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase gene expression during the transition from system-1 to system-2 ethylene synthesis in tomato [J].
Barry, CS ;
Llop-Tous, MI ;
Grierson, D .
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 2000, 123 (03) :979-986
[7]  
BATAL K M, 1970, Hortscience, V5, P223
[8]   Endo-β-mannanase activity increases in the skin and outer pericarp of tomato fruits during ripening [J].
Bewley, JD ;
Banik, M ;
Bourgault, R ;
Feurtado, JA ;
Toorop, P ;
Hilhorst, HWM .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY, 2000, 51 (344) :529-538
[9]  
BIEWENER A A, 1992, P1
[10]   FRUIT RIPENING [J].
BRADY, CJ .
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 1987, 38 :155-178