Hydrogen production from catalytic gasification of cellulose in supercritical water

Interests in large-scale use of biomass for energy and in hydrogen are motivated largely by global environmental issues. Cellulose and sawdust were gasified in supercritical water to produce hydrogen-rich gas in this paper, and Ru/C, Pd/C, CeO2 paticles, nano-CeO2 and nano(CeZr)(x)O-2 were selected as catalysts. The experimental results showed that the catalytic activities were Ru/C > Pd/C > nano-(CeZr)(x)O-2 > nano-CeO2 > CeO2 particle in turn. Low-concentration sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) (2-3 wt.%) was mixed with particulate biomass and water to form a uniform and stable viscous paste which can be efficiently gasified. The 10 wt.% cellulose or sawdust with CMC can be gasified near completely with Ru/C catalyst to produce 2-4 g hydrogen yield and 11-15 g potential hydrogen yield per 100 g feedstock at the condition of 500 degrees C, 27 MPa, 20 min residence time in supercritical water. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.