Dietary Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Are Protective Against Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

被引:413
作者
Gillingham, Leah G. [1 ]
Harris-Janz, Sydney [1 ]
Jones, Peter J. H. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Manitoba, Dept Human Nutr Sci, Richardson Ctr Funct Foods & Nutraceut, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
基金
美国农业部;
关键词
Monounsaturated fatty acids; Metabolic Syndrome; Cardiovascular disease; Fatty acids; Lipids; Nutrition; HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE DIET; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; OLIVE OIL CONSUMPTION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; SERUM-LIPIDS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; RICH DIET;
D O I
10.1007/s11745-010-3524-y
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
070307 [化学生物学]; 071010 [生物化学与分子生物学];
摘要
Over 50 years of research has sought to define the role dietary fat plays in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Although optimal dietary fat quantity has been keenly pursued over past decades, attention has recently centered on the value of dietary fat quality. The purpose of the present review is to provide a critical assessment of the current body of evidence surrounding efficacy of dietary monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) for reduction of traditional risk factors defining metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CVD. Due to existing and emerging research on health attributes of MUFA rich diets, and to the low prevalence of chronic disease in populations consuming MUFA rich Mediterranean diets, national dietary guidelines are increasingly recommending dietary MUFA, primarily at the expense of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Consumption of dietary MUFA promotes healthy blood lipid profiles, mediates blood pressure, improves insulin sensitivity and regulates glucose levels. Moreover, provocative newer data suggest a role for preferential oxidation and metabolism of dietary MUFA, influencing body composition and ameliorating the risk of obesity. Mounting epidemiological and human clinical trial data continue to demonstrate the cardioprotective activity of the MUFA content of dietary fat. As the debate on the optimal fatty acid composition of the diet continues, the benefit of increasing MUFA intakes, particularly as a substitute for dietary SFA, deserves considerable attention.
引用
收藏
页码:209 / 228
页数:20
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