Stent thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and death after drug-eluting and bare-metal Stent coronary interventions

Objectives The aim of the study was to examine outcomes subsequent to implantation of drug-eluting stents (DES) and bare-metal stents (BMS). Background Use of DES might be associated with increased risk of stent thrombosis (ST), myocardial infarction (MI), and death. Methods From January 2002 through June 2005, data from all percutaneous coronary interventions in western Denmark were prospectively recorded in the Western Denmark Heart Registry; 12,395 consecutive patients (17,152 lesions) treated with stent implantation were followed for 15 months. Data on death and MI were ascertained from the national databases. The Academic Research Consortium definition of ST was used. Results The DES were implanted in 3,548 patients (5,422 lesions) and BMS were implanted in 8,847 patients (11,730 lesions). Definite, probable, or possible ST was found in 190 (2.15%) patients in the BMS group and in 64 (1.80%) patients in the DES. The risk of definite ST was similar in the 2 groups (DES: 0.65%; BMS: 0.61%). Very late definite ST (between 12 and 15 months after implantation) occurred more frequently in patients receiving DES (hazard ratio [HR] :10.93, 95% confidence interval [Cl] 1.27 to 93.76). Also, the risk of MI between 12 and 15 months after implantation was higher in the DES group (HR 4.00, 95% Cl 2.06 to 7.79). Mortality was similar in the 2 groups. Target lesion revascularization was reduced by 43% in patients treated with DES (HR 0.57, 95% Cl 0.48 to 0.67). Conclusions The minor risk of ST and MI within 15 months after implantation of DES seems unlikely to outweigh the benefit of these stents.