Strictly-upward drawings of ordered search trees

We prove that any logarithmic binary tree admits a linear-area straight-line strictly-upward planar grid drawing (in short, strictly-upward drawing), that is, a drawing in which (a) each edge is mapped into a single straight-line segment, (b) each node is placed below its parent, (c) no two edges intersect, and (d) each node is mapped into a point with integer coordinates. Informally, a logarithmic tree has the property that the height of any (sufficiently high) subtree is logarithmic with respect to the number of nodes. As a consequence, we have that k-balanced trees, red-black trees, and BB[alpha]-trees admit linear-area strictly-upward drawings. We then generalize our results to logarithmic m-ary trees: as an application, we have that B-trees admit linear-area strictly-upward drawings. (C) 1998-Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.