Membrane traffic in myelinating oligodendrocytes

被引:81
作者
Krämer, EM [1 ]
Schardt, A [1 ]
Nave, KA [1 ]
机构
[1] Max Planck Inst Expt Med, Dept Neurogenet, D-37035 Gottingen, Germany
关键词
membrane domains; myelin assembly; protein sorting; vesicle trafficking; mistrafficking; disease;
D O I
10.1002/jemt.1050
中图分类号
R602 [外科病理学、解剖学]; R32 [人体形态学];
学科分类号
100101 ;
摘要
In the central nervous system (CNS), the myelin sheath is synthesised by oligodendrocytes as a specialised subdomain of an extended plasma membrane, reminiscent of the segregated membrane domains of polarised cells. Myelination takes place within a relatively short period of time and oligodendrocytes must have adapted membrane sorting and transport mechanisms to achieve such a high rate of myelin synthesis and to maintain the unique organisation of the myelin membrane. In adult life, maintenance of the functional myelin sheath requires a carefully orchestrated balance of myelin synthesis and turnover. Imbalance in these processes may cause dys- or demyelination and disease. This review summarises what is currently known about myelin protein trafficking and mistrafficking in oligodendrocytes. We also present data demonstrating distinct transport pathways for myelin structural proteins and the expression of SNARE proteins in differentiating oligodendrocytes. Myelinating glial cells may well serve as a model system for studying general aspects of membrane trafficking and organisation of membrane domains. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:656 / 671
页数:16
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