Prescription opioid abuse in patients presenting for methadone maintenance treatment

被引:143
作者
Brands, B
Blake, J
Sproule, B
Gourlay, D
Busto, U
机构
[1] Univ Toronto, Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada
[2] Univ Toronto, Dept Pharmacol, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada
[3] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada
[4] Univ Toronto, Fac Pharm, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada
关键词
methadone maintenance; prescription opioid dependence; pain; comorbidity;
D O I
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2003.10.012
中图分类号
R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];
学科分类号
摘要
To characterize prescription opioid dependent patients in a methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) program, a detailed retrospective chart review of new admissions (1997-1999, n = 178, mean age = 34.5+/-0.7 years, 65% male) was conducted. At admission most patients (83%) had been using prescription opioids (heroin). Four groups were identified: 24% had used prescription opioids only; 24% used prescription opioids initially and heroin later; 35% used heroin first and prescription opioids subsequently; and 17% had used heroin only (this group was significantly younger: mean age 26+/-1 years, P = 0.0001). Subjects reported regular use of prescription opioids at higher than therapeutic dosages. For example, in the 'prescription opioid only' group the reported mean (+/-S.E.) number of codeine or oxycodone-containing tablets consumed daily was 23(+/-6) tablets and 21(+/-3) tablets, respectively. There were no significant differences found amongst the groups in measures of social stability. Those dependent on prescription opioids alone were less likely to use illicit non-opioid drugs or to be associated with injection drug use. Those that used prescription opioids only or initially were more likely to have ongoing pain problems and to be involved in psychiatric treatment. Further research is required to better elucidate the complex relationships between pain, mental health and addiction in order to develop optimal prevention and treatment strategies for prescription opioid dependence. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:199 / 207
页数:9
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