Evaluation of thyroid shields for reduction of radiation exposure to orthopaedic surgeons

Background: A perceived increase in the incidence of thyroid carcinoma in orthopaedic surgeons prompted an assessment of the use and value of thyroid shields in the operating theatre. Methods: The radiation exposure to the thyroid area of 19 orthopaedic trainees was measured over a 3-month period, while they were operating. The results were correlated with thyroid function tests and the number of emergency operative cases performed. Results: Thirteen trainees received radiation exposure within the guidelines set for the general population. Two trainees received exposure above this but within the guidelines set for occupational exposure. A thyroid shield reduced radiation exposure of the neck in one trainee by a factor of 13. The availability and usage of thyroid shields was low: only seven out of 13 trainees used shields. Conclusions: A thyroid shield should be worn by orthopaedic surgeons if radiation is used during the operative procedure.