Permeability of the blood-brain barrier to HIV-1 Tat

被引:129
作者
Banks, WA
Robinson, SM
Nath, A
机构
[1] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, GRECC, Dept Internal Med, Div Geriatr, St Louis, MO 63106 USA
[2] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63106 USA
[3] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
关键词
blood-brain barrier; HIV-1; central nervous system;
D O I
10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.11.019
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is associated with dysfunctions of the central nervous system (CNS). HIV-1 induces its effects on the CNS by a variety of mechanisms, including by shedding the neurotoxic viral proteins such as gp120 and Tat. Both HIV-1 and gp120 have been shown to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It is has not been determined, however, whether blood-borne Tat can cross the BBB. Here, we found that Tat crosses the BBB by a nonsaturable mechanism with a unidirectional influx rate of about 0.490 mu l/g/min. About 0.126% of an intravenous dose of Tat enters each g of brain. Radioactively labeled albumin injected simultaneously did not cross the BBB. The hypothalamus, occipital cortex, and hippocampus were the regions of the brain most permeable to Tat. Nonsaturable brain-to-blood efflux also occurred, most likely with reabsorption into the blood of the cerebrospinal fluid. In conclusion, we found that Tat crossed the BBB bidirectionally. Such permeability could provide a mechanism by which Tat produced on one side of the BBB could affect neural or immune function on the other side. Published by Elsevier Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:218 / 227
页数:10
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