Can progressive resistance strength training reduce physical disability in older adults? A meta-analysis study

Method. Two reviewers independently searched for qualified trials, assessed trial quality and extracted data. Trial inclusion criteria are: (1) Randomised controlled trials, (2) Mean age of participant sample is >= 60 years, (3) Progressive resistance strength training as the primary intervention and (4) the trial included outcome measures of physical disability (i.e. physical function domain of the Short-Form 36). Results. Thirty-three trials were analysed. Although the effect size is small, the intervention groups showed reduced physical disability when compared to the control groups (SMD = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.22). Conclusions. Progressive resistance strength training appears to be an effective intervention to reduce physical disability in older adults. To maximise the effect, we suggest therapists use responsive outcome measures and multi-component intervention approach.