Tropical forests were the primary sources of new agricultural land in the 1980s and 1990s

被引:1185
作者
Gibbs, H. K. [1 ]
Ruesch, A. S. [2 ]
Achard, F. [3 ]
Clayton, M. K. [4 ]
Holmgren, P. [5 ]
Ramankutty, N. [6 ,7 ]
Foley, J. A. [8 ]
机构
[1] Stanford Univ, Program Food Secur & Environm, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[2] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
[3] Joint Res Ctr European Commiss, Global Forest Resource Monitoring Project TREES 3, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
[4] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53506 USA
[5] United Nations Food & Agr Org, Climate Change & Bioenergy Div, I-00100 Rome, Italy
[6] McGill Univ, Dept Geog, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada
[7] McGill Univ, Earth Syst Sci Program, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada
[8] Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA
关键词
deforestation; expansion pathways; cropland; biofuels; carbon emissions; OIL PALM; DEFORESTATION; EMISSIONS; CROPLANDS; REGROWTH; BIOFUELS;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.0910275107
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Global demand for agricultural products such as food, feed, and fuel is now a major driver of cropland and pasture expansion across much of the developing world. Whether these new agricultural lands replace forests, degraded forests, or grasslands greatly influences the environmental consequences of expansion. Although the general pattern is known, there still is no definitive quantification of these land-cover changes. Here we analyze the rich, pan-tropical database of classified Landsat scenes created by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations to examine pathways of agricultural expansion across the major tropical forest regions in the 1980s and 1990s and use this information to highlight the future land conversions that probably will be needed to meet mounting demand for agricultural products. Across the tropics, we find that between 1980 and 2000 more than 55% of new agricultural land came at the expense of intact forests, and another 28% came from disturbed forests. This study underscores the potential consequences of unabated agricultural expansion for forest conservation and carbon emissions.
引用
收藏
页码:16732 / 16737
页数:6
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