Survivors of torture and organized violence: Demography and diagnosis

Sixty patients, with a history of torture or other repressive state violence, newly referred to two psychiatrists were assessed using a standard instrument. Thirty one met the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 21 met the criteria for MDD. Relationships between these diagnoses and history of trauma, loss of health, and social losses were investigated Sexual torture is associated with an avoidance reaction.