Key role of water for nucleophilic substitutions in phase-transfer-catalyzed processes: A mini-review

被引：45

作者：

Albanese, D

Landini, D

Maia, A

Penso, M

机构：

[1] Univ Milan, Ctr CNR, I-20133 Milan, Italy

[2] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Chim Organ & Ind, I-20133 Milan, Italy

来源：

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH | 2001年 / 40卷 / 11期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1021/ie0008124

中图分类号：

TQ [化学工业];

学科分类号：

0817 ;

摘要：

The fundamental role of water in anion-promoted reactions carried out under both liquid-liquid and solid-liqiud phase-transfer catalysis (LL- and SL-PTC:, respectively) conditions is reviewed. In particular, the hydration effect on the quaternary onium salt extraction constants, anion selectivity coefficients, and anion reactivity under LL-PTC conditions is reported. The effect of added water on SL-PTC reaction rates is also included. In addition, guidelines for optimizing the amount of water in the application of PTC to organic synthesis are proposed.

引用

页码：2396 / 2401

页数：6

共 38 条

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