Shockley equation parameters of P3HT:PCBM solar cells determined by transient techniques

被引:99
作者
Foertig, A. [1 ]
Rauh, J. [1 ]
Dyakonov, V. [1 ,2 ]
Deibel, C. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany
[2] Bavarian Ctr Appl Energy Res eV ZAE Bayern, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany
关键词
OPEN-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE; POLYMER; GENERATION; DEPENDENCE; BLEND;
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevB.86.115302
中图分类号
T [工业技术];
学科分类号
08 ;
摘要
The Shockley equation (SE), originally derived to describe a p-n junction, has been frequently used in the past to simulate current-voltage (j/V) characteristics of organic solar cells (OSC). In order to gain a more detailed understanding of recombination losses, we determined the SE parameters, i.e., the ideality factor and the dark saturation current, from temperature dependent static j/V measurements on poly(3-hexylthiophene- 2,5-diyl):[6,6]- phenyl-C-61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) bulk heterojunction solar cells. As we show here, these parameters are directly related to charge-carrier recombination and become also accessible by transient photovoltage and photocurrent methods in the case of field-independent charge-carrier generation. Although determined in very different ways, both SE parameters were found to be identical. The good agreement of static and transient approaches over a wide temperature range demonstrates the validity of the Shockley model for OSC based on material systems satisfying the requirement of field-independent polaron-pair dissociation. In particular, we were able to reproduce the photocurrent at various light intensities and temperatures from the respective nongeminate recombination rates. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of the dark saturation current j(0) allowed determining the effective band gap of the photoactive blend perfectly agreeing with the literature values of the energy onset of the photocurrent due to charge transfer absorption. We also present a consistent model directly relating the ideality factor to recombination of free with trapped charge carriers in an exponential density of tail states. We verify this finding by data from thermally stimulated current measurements.
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页数:7
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