Acetoacetate protects hippocampal neurons against glutamate-mediated neuronal damage during glycolysis inhibition

被引:109
作者
Massieu, L [1 ]
Haces, ML [1 ]
Montiel, T [1 ]
Hernández-Fonseca, K [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fisiol Celular, Dept Neurociencias, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico
关键词
acetoacetate; glutamate uptake; energy failure; ischemia; ketone bodies; neuronal death;
D O I
10.1016/S0306-4522(03)00266-5
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Glucose is the main substrate that fulfills energy brain demands. However, in some circumstances, such as diabetes, starvation, during the suckling period and the ketogenic diet, brain uses the ketone bodies, acetoacetate and P-hydroxybutyrate, as energy sources. Ketone body utilization in brain depends directly on its blood concentration, which is normally very low, but increases substantially during the conditions mentioned above. Glutamate neurotoxicity has been implicated in neurodegeneration associated with brain ischemia, hypoglycemia and cerebral trauma, conditions related to energy failure, and to elevation of glutamate extracellular levels in brain. In recent years substantial evidence favoring a close relation between glutamate neurotoxic potentiality and cellular energy levels, has been compiled. We have previously demonstrated that accumulation of extracellular glutamate after inhibition of its transporters, induces neuronal death in vivo during energy impairment induced by glycolysis inhibition. In the present study we have assessed the protective potentiality of the ketone body, acetoacetate, against glutamate-mediated neuronal damage in the hippocampus of rats chronically treated with the glycolysis inhibitor, iodoacetate, and in hippocampal cultured neurons exposed to a toxic concentration of iodoacetate. Results show that acetoacetate efficiently protects against glutamate neurotoxiciy both in vivo and in vitro probably by a mechanism involving its role as an energy substrate. (C) 2003 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:365 / 378
页数:14
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