Ginseng extract scavenges hydroxyl radical and protects unsaturated fatty acids from decomposition caused by iron-mediated lipid peroxidation

This study was conducted to investigate whether or not the antioxidation effect of ginseng extract directly inhibits decomposition of unsaturated fatty acid caused by iron and hydrogen peroxide-induced lipid peroxidation, and whether this effect involves a hydroxyl radical-scavenging mechanism. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TEARS), gas chromatography, and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer were used to measure lipid peroxidation, unsaturated fatty acid, and hydroxyl radical. The results showed TEARS formed and the loss of arachidonic acid during lipid peroxidation, and that hydroxyl radical formed by the Fenton reaction were completley inhibited by ginseng extract. This antioxidant effect of ginseng may be responsibile for its wide pharmacological actions in clinical practice by a free radical reaction-inhibition mechanism.