Sorption of mercury species by activated carbons and calcium-based sorbents: effect of temperature, mercury concentration and acid gases

被引:76
作者
Ghorishi, B
Gullett, BK
机构
[1] US EPA, NRMRL, APPCD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA
[2] ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, Durham, NC USA
关键词
elemental mercury; mercuric chloride; calcium-based sorbent; activated carbon; air pollution; emissions;
D O I
10.1177/0734242X9801600609
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Bench-scale studies of mercury/sorbent reactions were conducted to understand mechanistic limitations of field-scale attempts to reduce emissions of mercury from combustion processes. The effects of temperature (60 to 140 degrees C), sulfur dioxide (SO2, 1000 ppm), hydrogen chloride (HCl, 50 ppm), and water vapor (5% molar) on the capture of elemental mercury (Hg-0, 8 to 40 ppb) by two thermally activated carbons, and on the capture of mercuric chloride (HgCl2, 11 to 73 ppb) by two calcium (Ca)-based sorbents were examined in a fixed-bed, bench-scale system. Capture of mercury species is affected by sorbent site activity. HgCl2 is quickly adsorbed by the alkaline sites of Ca-based sorbents; sorption in combustors will likely be kinetically limited. Hg-0, however, is more effectively removed by activated carbons; here the number of active sites appears to limit removal from flue gas, SO2 and HCl were found to either enhance or reduce sorption depending on the species of mercury Enhancement or Hg-0 capture by activated carbon is associated with formation of active carbon-chlorine or carbon-sulfur sites while reduced capture of HgCl2 is due to loss of alkaline sites through Ca-SO2 and Ca-HCl reactions.
引用
收藏
页码:582 / 593
页数:12
相关论文
共 27 条
[1]   MERCURY BALANCE ON A LARGE PULVERIZED COAL-FIRED FURNACE [J].
BILLINGS, CE ;
SACCO, AM ;
MATSON, WR ;
GRIFFIN, RM ;
CONIGLIO, WR ;
HARLEY, RA .
JOURNAL OF THE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL ASSOCIATION, 1973, 23 (09) :773-777
[2]  
CAREY TR, 1997, P 1 EPRI DOE EPA COM
[3]  
CHANG R, 1995, POWER ENG, V5, P51
[4]  
DEVITO MS, 1993, EPRI 2 INT C MAN HAZ
[5]  
DUNHAM GE, 1997, AIR WAST MAN ASS 90
[6]  
EVANS AP, 1997, AIR WAST MAN ASS 90
[7]   MERCURY CHEMISTRY IN SIMULATED FLUE-GASES RELATED TO WASTE INCINERATION CONDITIONS [J].
HALL, B ;
LINDQVIST, O ;
LJUNGSTROM, E .
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 1990, 24 (01) :108-111
[8]   Removal of mercuric chloride from flue gas by sulfur impregnated activated carbon [J].
Karatza, D ;
Lancia, A ;
Musmarra, D ;
Pepe, F ;
Volpicelli, G .
HAZARDOUS WASTE & HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, 1996, 13 (01) :95-105
[9]  
Karatza D, 1996, TWENTY-SIXTH SYMPOSIUM (INTERNATIONAL) ON COMBUSTION, VOLS 1 AND 2, P2439
[10]   PATHWAYS OF 37 TRACE-ELEMENTS THROUGH COAL-FIRED POWER-PLANT [J].
KLEIN, DH ;
ANDREN, AW ;
CARTER, JA ;
EMERY, JF ;
FELDMAN, C ;
FULKERSON, W ;
LYON, WS ;
OGLE, JC ;
TALMI, Y ;
VANHOOK, RI ;
BOLTON, N .
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 1975, 9 (10) :973-979