Intimations of immortality and omniscience in early childhood

Children aged three, four and five years, drawn equally from one secular and one religious school in Spain, were questioned about the psychological and biological constraints that apply to two different types of person: an ordinary human being (their best friend) and an extraordinary being (God). Children were asked to assess whether: (1) the knowledge available to either being is constrained by perceptual processes and (2) the life cycle of either being is constrained by biological processes. Three year olds provided few signs of distinguishing between the two types of being. Five year olds, on the other hand, were quite systematic in their differentiation. They judged that the knowledge available to a friend-but not to God-would be constrained by the need for perceptual access and they judged that the life cycle of a friend-but not that of God-would be constrained by the biological processes of birth, growth and death. Implications for current accounts of children's conceptual development are discussed.