Bosonized massive N-flavour Schwinger model

The massive N-flavour Schwinger model is analysed by the bosonization method. The problem is reduced to the quantum mechanics of N degrees of freedom in which the potential needs to be self-consistently determined by its ground-state wavefunction and spectrum with given values of the theta parameter, fermion masses, and temperature. Boson masses and fermion chiral condensates are evaluated. In the N = 1 model the anomalous behaviour is found at theta similar to pi and m/mu similar to 0.4. In the N = 3 model an asymmetry in fermion masses (m(1) < m(2) << m(3)) removes the singularity at theta = pi and T = 0. The chiral condensates at theta = 0 are insensitive to the asymmetry in fermion masses, but are significantly sensitive at theta = n. The resultant picture is similar to that obtained in QCD by the chiral Lagrangian method.