Mechanistic insights into chromosome-wide silencing in X inactivation

被引：17

作者：

Arthold, Susanne ^{[1
]}

Kurowski, Agata ^{[1
]}

Wutz, Anton ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Wellcome Trust Ctr Stem Cell Res, Cambridge CB2 1QR, England

来源：

HUMAN GENETICS | 2011年 / 130卷 / 02期

基金：

英国惠康基金; 英国医学研究理事会;

关键词：

PRIMORDIAL GERM-CELLS; RNA-POLYMERASE-II; XIST RNA; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; STEM-CELLS; A-REPEAT; SAF-A; MOUSE; INITIATION;

D O I：

10.1007/s00439-011-1002-0

中图分类号：

Q3 [遗传学];

学科分类号：

071007 ; 090102 ;

摘要：

In mammals, one of the two X chromosomes in female cells is transcriptionally silenced for dosage compensation between the sexes. Chromosome-wide silencing is initiated by the non-coding Xist RNA that accumulates within the inactive X chromosome territory and triggers gene repression and chromatin modifications. Epigenetic changes of the inactive X chromosome in a developmentally regulated manner result in stable gene repression in female somatic cells. X inactivation is a model for understanding the formation of facultative heterochromatin in mammalian development and represents a paradigm for RNA mediated regulation of gene expression. In this review, we summarize the present knowledge of the mechanism of chromosome-wide silencing and give an outlook on future directions.

引用

页码：295 / 305

页数：11

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