Identification of D-peptide ligands through mirror-image phage display

Genetically encoded libraries of peptides and oligonucleotides are well suited for the identification of ligands for many macromolecules. A major drawback of these techniques is that the resultant ligands are subject to degradation by naturally occurring enzymes. Here, a method is described that uses a biologically encoded library for the identification of D-peptide ligands, which should be resistant to proteolytic degradation, In this approach, a protein is synthesized in the D-amino acid configuration and used to select peptides from a phage display library expressing random L-amino acid peptides, For reasons of symmetry, the mirror images of these phage-displayed peptides interact with the target protein of the natural handedness, The value of this approach was demonstrated by the identification of a cyclic D-peptide that interacts with the Src homology 3 domain of c-Src. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies indicate that the binding site for this D-peptide partially overlaps the site for the physiological ligands of this domain.