Molecular genetics of the RNA polymerase II general transcriptional machinery

被引:446
作者
Hampsey, M [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Biochem, Div Nucle Acids Enzymol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1128/MMBR.62.2.465-503.1998
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) requires interaction between cis-acting promoter elements and trans-acting factors. The eukaryotic promoter consists of core elements, which include the TATA box and other DNA sequences that define transcription start sites, and regulatory elements, which either enhance or repress transcription in a gene-specific manner. The core promoter is the site for assembly of the transcription preinitiation complex; which includes RNA pol II and the general transcription fctors TBP, TFIIB, TFIIE, TFIIF, and TFIIH. Regulatory elements bind gene-specific factors, which affect the rate of transcription by interacting either directly or indirectly, with components of the general transcriptional machinery. A third class of transcription factors, termed coactivators, is not required far basal transcription in vitro but often mediates activation by a broad spectrum of activators. Accordingly coactivators are neither gene-specific nor general transcription factors, although gene-specific coactivators have been described in metazoan systems. Transcriptional repressors include both gene-specific and general factors. Similar to coactivators, general transcriptional repressors affect the expression of a broad spectrum of genes yet do not repress all genes. General repressors either act through the core transcriptional machinery or are histone related and presumably affect chromatin function. This review focuses on the global effectors of RNA polymerase II transcription in yeast, including the general transcription factors, the coactivators, and the general repressors. Emphasis is placed on the role that yeast genetics has played in identifying these factors and their associated functions.
引用
收藏
页码:465 / +
页数:41
相关论文
共 569 条
  • [1] MAT1, cdk7 and cyclin H form a kinase complex which is UV light-sensitive upon association with TFIIH
    Adamczewski, JP
    Rossignol, M
    Tassan, JP
    Nigg, EA
    Moncollin, V
    Egly, JM
    [J]. EMBO JOURNAL, 1996, 15 (08) : 1877 - 1884
  • [2] REQUIREMENT FOR TFIIH KINASE-ACTIVITY IN TRANSCRIPTION BY RNA-POLYMERASE-II
    AKOULITCHEV, S
    MAKELA, TP
    WEINBERG, RA
    REINBERG, D
    [J]. NATURE, 1995, 377 (6549) : 557 - 560
  • [3] Role for N-CoR and histone deacetylase in Sin3-mediated transcriptional repression
    Alland, L
    Muhle, R
    Hou, H
    Potes, J
    Chin, L
    SchreiberAgus, N
    DePinho, RA
    [J]. NATURE, 1997, 387 (6628) : 49 - 55
  • [4] ACETYLATION + METHYLATION OF HISTONES + THEIR POSSIBLE ROLE IN REGULATION OF RNA SYNTHESIS
    ALLFREY, VG
    FAULKNER, R
    MIRSKY, AE
    [J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 1964, 51 (05) : 786 - +
  • [5] Yeast TAF(II)90 is required for cell-cycle progression through G(2)/M but not for general transcription activation
    Apone, LM
    Virbasius, CMA
    Reese, JC
    Green, MR
    [J]. GENES & DEVELOPMENT, 1996, 10 (18) : 2368 - 2380
  • [6] GENETIC INTERACTION BETWEEN TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION-FACTOR TFIIS AND RNA POLYMERASE-II
    ARCHAMBAULT, J
    LACROUTE, F
    RUET, A
    FRIESEN, JD
    [J]. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, 1992, 12 (09) : 4142 - 4152
  • [7] GENETICS OF EUKARYOTIC RNA POLYMERASE-I, POLYMERASE-II, AND POLYMERASE-III
    ARCHAMBAULT, J
    FRIESEN, JD
    [J]. MICROBIOLOGICAL REVIEWS, 1993, 57 (03) : 703 - 724
  • [8] EQUIVALENT MUTATIONS IN THE 2 REPEATS OF YEAST TATA-BINDING PROTEIN CONFER DISTINCT TATA RECOGNITION SPECIFICITIES
    ARNDT, KM
    WOBBE, CR
    RICUPEROHOVASSE, S
    STRUHL, K
    WINSTON, F
    [J]. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, 1994, 14 (06) : 3719 - 3728
  • [9] BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION OF A YEAST TFIID MUTANT THAT ALTERS TRANSCRIPTION INVIVO AND DNA-BINDING INVITRO
    ARNDT, KM
    RICUPERO, SL
    EISENMANN, DM
    WINSTON, F
    [J]. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, 1992, 12 (05) : 2372 - 2382
  • [10] TBP MUTANTS DEFECTIVE IN ACTIVATED TRANSCRIPTION IN-VIVO
    ARNDT, KM
    RICUPEROHOVASSE, S
    WINSTON, F
    [J]. EMBO JOURNAL, 1995, 14 (07) : 1490 - 1497