Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East Study

被引:17
作者
Shams, Amir [1 ]
Nobari, Hadi [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Afonso, Jose [5 ]
Abbasi, Hamed [6 ]
Mainer-Pardos, Elena [7 ]
Perez-Gomez, Jorge [3 ]
Bayati, Mahdi [8 ]
Bahrami, Alireza [9 ]
Carneiro, Lara [10 ,11 ]
机构
[1] Sport Sci Res Inst, Dept Motor Behav, Tehran, Iran
[2] Univ Granada, Dept Phys Educ & Sports, Granada, Spain
[3] Univ Extremadura, Fac Sport Sci, HEME Res Grp, Caceres, Spain
[4] Univ Mohaghegh Ardabili, Fac Educ Sci & Psychol, Dept Exercise Physiol, Ardebil, Iran
[5] Univ Porto FADEUP, Fac Sport, Ctr Res Educ Innovat & Intervent Sport CIFI2D, Porto, Portugal
[6] Sport Sci Res Inst, Dept Sport Injuries & Correct Exercises, Tehran, Iran
[7] Univ San Jorge, Hlth Sci Fac, Zaragoza, Spain
[8] Sport Sci Res Inst, Dept Exercise Physiol, Tehran, Iran
[9] Arak Univ, Fac Sport Sci, Dept Motor Behav & Sport Psychol, Arak, Iran
[10] Univ Maia ISMAI, Dept Sport & Phys Educ, Maia, Portugal
[11] GERON Res Commun, CIDESD, Res Ctr Sports Sci Hlth Sci & Human Dev, Vila Real, Portugal
关键词
cardiovascular fitness; mental health; old people; physical fitness; dose-response; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; WHOQOL-BREF; HEALTH; ASSOCIATIONS; ADULTS; POPULATION; INTENSITY; SURVEILLANCE; INDICATORS; IRAN;
D O I
10.3389/fpubh.2021.764044
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
100235 [预防医学];
摘要
The aimed to evaluate the effects of low and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on psychological well-being (PWB) and quality of life (QoL) among older people. Forty-five male Iranian adults aged 65-80 years were selected according to the eligibility criteria and randomly assigned to a low-intensity group (LIG) (40-50% of maximum heart rate), moderate-intensity group (MIG) (60-70% of maximum heart rate) and control group (CG). The exercise protocols consisted of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise (two sessions per week). Psychological well-being and QoL were assessed through the Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale and the World Health Organization QoL Questionnaire. The statistical analysis for psychological well-being indicated that a significant main group (between-group) (F = 11.777, p < 0.001, eta p(2) = 0.359), time (within-group) (F = 58.983, p < 0.001, eta p(2) = 0.584) and interaction effect (group x time) (F = 20.146, p < 0.001, eta p(2) = 0.490) for PWB total score. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the PWB total score in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.003) and CG (p < 0.001). Results for PWB components including self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, autonomy, purposeful life, and environmental mastery revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05). While there was a significant difference between the groups for personal growth component. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the personal growth in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.028) and CG (p < 0.001). Result for QoL indicated significant differences for the main group (F = 13.277, p < 0.001, eta p(2) = 0.387), time (F = 25.533, p < 0.001, eta p(2) = 0.378) and interaction effect (F = 9.992, p < 0.001, eta p(2) = 0.332) for QoL total scale. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the QoL total scale in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.003) and CG (p < 0.001). Results for QoL components including Physical health, Social relationships, Health environment revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05), while there was a significant difference between the groups for the Psychological health component. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the Psychological health in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.009) and CG (p = 0.002). Therefore, aerobic exercise improves PWB and QoL in older adults, moderate-intensity exercise seems to produce higher benefits than low-intensity, demonstrating a positive dose-response relationship.
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页数:10
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