Global analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus limitation of primary producers in freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems

被引:3567
作者
Elser, James J. [1 ]
Bracken, Matthew E. S.
Cleland, Elsa E.
Gruner, Daniel S.
Harpole, W. Stanley
Hillebrand, Helmut
Ngai, Jacqueline T.
Seabloom, Eric W.
Shurin, Jonathan B.
Smith, Jennifer E.
机构
[1] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA
[2] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA
[3] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA
[4] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
[5] Univ Cologne, Inst Bot, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
[6] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
[7] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
关键词
ecosystem; meta-analysis; nitrogen; nutrient limitation; phosphorus; primary production; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; METAANALYSIS; GROWTH; CYCLE; EUTROPHICATION; PHYTOPLANKTON; STOICHIOMETRY; ENVIRONMENT; ENRICHMENT; VEGETATION;
D O I
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01113.x
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
The cycles of the key nutrient elements nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have been massively altered by anthropogenic activities. Thus, it is essential to understand how photosynthetic production across diverse ecosystems is, or is not, limited by N and P. Via a large-scale meta-analysis of experimental enrichments, we show that P limitation is equally strong across these major habitats and that N and P limitation are equivalent within both terrestrial and freshwater systems. Furthermore, simultaneous N and P enrichment produces strongly positive synergistic responses in all three environments. Thus, contrary to some prevailing paradigms, freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems are surprisingly similar in terms of N and P limitation.
引用
收藏
页码:1135 / 1142
页数:8
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