Size-dependent fracture of Si nanowire battery anodes

被引：385

作者：

Ryu, Ill ^{[1
]}

Choi, Jang Wook ^{[2
]}

Cui, Yi ^{[1
]}

Nix, William D. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[2] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Grad Sch Energy Environm Water & Sustainabil WCU, Taejon 305701, South Korea

来源：

JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS | 2011年 / 59卷 / 09期

关键词：

Lithiation/delithiation; Large deformation; Fracture; Strain energy release rate; Critical size; INTERCALATION-INDUCED STRESS; SILICON NANOWIRES; ION BATTERIES; LITHIUM; GENERATION; PARTICLES; ELECTRODE; DIFFUSION; GERMANIUM; EVOLUTION;

D O I：

10.1016/j.jmps.2011.06.003

中图分类号：

T [工业技术];

学科分类号：

08 ;

摘要：

We use a unique transmission electron microscope (TEM) technique to show that Si nanowires (NWs) with diameters in the range of a few hundred nanometers can be fully lithiated and delithiated without fracture, in spite of the large volume changes that occur in this process. By analyzing the stresses associated with lithiation and delithiation we conclude that the process does not occur by the growth of discrete crystalline phases; rather it occurs by amorphization of the Si NWs followed by diffusion of Li into the structure. By accounting for the large deformation associated with this process and by including the effects of pressure gradients on the diffusion of Li, we show that Si NWs with diameters less than about 300 nm could not fracture even if pre-existing cracks were present in the NW. These predictions appear to be in good agreement with the experiment. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

引用

页码：1717 / 1730

页数：14

共 35 条

[1] Design criteria for nanostructured Li-ion batteries [J].

Aifantis, K. E. ;

Hackney, S. A. ;

Dempsey, J. P. .

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2007, 165 (02) :874-879

[2]

[Anonymous], 2005, FRACTURE MECH FUNDAM

[3]

[Anonymous], 1970, Theory of elasticity (3rd Edition)

[4]

[Anonymous], 1980, MATH DIFFUSION

[5] Colossal reversible volume changes in lithium alloys [J].

Beaulieu, LY ;

Eberman, KW ;

Turner, RL ;

Krause, LJ ;

Dahn, JR .

ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS, 2001, 4 (09) :A137-A140

[6] Cohesive modeling of crack nucleation under diffusion induced stresses in a thin strip: Implications on the critical size for flaw tolerant battery electrodes [J].

Bhandakkar, Tanmay K. ;

Gao, Huajian .

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES, 2010, 47 (10) :1424-1434

[7] ALL-SOLID LITHIUM ELECTRODES WITH MIXED-CONDUCTOR MATRIX [J].

BOUKAMP, BA ;

LESH, GC ;

HUGGINS, RA .

JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY, 1981, 128 (04) :725-729

[8] High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires [J].

Chan, Candace K. ;

Peng, Hailin ;

Liu, Gao ;

McIlwrath, Kevin ;

Zhang, Xiao Feng ;

Huggins, Robert A. ;

Cui, Yi .

NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY, 2008, 3 (01) :31-35

[9] Structural and electrochemical study of the reaction of lithium with silicon nanowires [J].

Chan, Candace K. ;

Ruffo, Riccardo ;

Hong, Seung Sae ;

Huggins, Robert A. ;

Cui, Yi .

JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 2009, 189 (01) :34-39

[10] The influence of surface mechanics on diffusion induced stresses within spherical nanoparticles [J].

Cheng, Yang-Tse ;

Verbrugge, Mark W. .

JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 2008, 104 (08)

← 1 2 3 4 →