Oesophageal dysmotility, delayed gastric emptying and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with diabetes mellitus

Aims Gastroparesis is a common gastrointestinal complication in diabetes mellitus, whereas dysfunction in the other gastrointestinal organs has been less thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, it is not known whether there is any relationship between motility and dysmotility between these organs. The aim of this study was to examine whether diabetic patients with gastrointestinal symptoms also have motility disturbances in the oesophagus and stomach and, if so, whether there are any associations between these disturbances. Methods Thirty-one patients with diabetes mellitus who complained of gastrointestinal symptoms were asked to complete a questionnaire about their symptoms. They were further investigated with oesophageal manometry and gastric emptying scintigraphy. Results Fifty-eight per cent of the patients had abnormal oesophageal function, and 68% had delayed gastric emptying. Abdominal fullness was the only symptom that related to any dysfunction, and it was associated with delayed gastric emptying (P = 0.02). We did not find any relationship in motility or dysmotility between the oesophagus and the stomach. Conclusion Oesophageal dysmotility, as well as gastroparesis, are common in patients with diabetes who have gastrointestinal symptoms. It is important to investigate these patients further, to be able to reach an accurate diagnosis and instigate appropriate treatment. Our findings indicate that the oesophagus and the stomach function as separate organs and that pathology in one does not necessarily mean pathology in the other.