Perturbative renormalization, group, exact results, and high-temperature series to order 21 for the N-vector spin models on the square lattice

High-temperature expansions for the susceptibility and the second correlation moment of the classical N-vector model [also known as the O(N) symmetric Heisenberg classical spin model] on the square lattice are extended from order beta(14) to beta(21) for arbitrary N. For the second field derivative of the susceptibility the series expansion is extended from order beta(14) to beta(17). For -2 less than or equal to N < 2, a numerical analysis of the series is performed in order to compare the critical exponents gamma(N), nu(N), and Delta(N) to exact (though nonrigorous) formulas and to compute the ''dimensionless four point coupling constant'' (g) over cap(r)(N). For N > 2, we present a study of the analyticity properties of chi, xi, etc, in the complex beta plane and describe a method to estimate the parameters which characterize their low-temperature behaviors. We compare our series estimates to the predictions of the perturbative renormalization group theory, to exact (but nonrigorous or conjectured) formulas and to the results of the 1/N expansion, always finding a good agreement.